Inclusion Criteria:

- Histologically documented adenocarcinoma of the prostate

- Life expectancy of >= 6 months, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance
status =< 2

- Metastatic disease as evidenced by soft tissue and/or bony metastases on baseline
bone scan and/or computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of
the abdomen or pelvis

- Castration resistant prostatic adenocarcinoma; subjects must have current or
historical evidence of disease progression despite castrated level of testosterone (<
50 ng/dL) achieved by orchiectomy or luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH)
agonist or antagonist therapy; disease progression has to be demonstrated by PSA
progression OR progression of measurable disease OR progression of non-measurable
disease as defined below:

- PSA: Two consecutive rising PSA values, at least 7 days apart

- Measurable disease: >= 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameters of all
measurable lesions or the development of any new lesions; the change will be
measured against the best response to castration therapy or against the
pre-castration measurements if there was no response

- Non-measurable disease:

- Soft tissue disease: The appearance of 1 or more lesions, and/or equivocal
worsening of non-measurable disease when compared to imaging studies
acquired during castration therapy or against the pre-castration studies if
there was no response

- Bone disease: Appearance of 2 or more new areas of abnormal uptake on bone
scan when compared to imaging studies acquired during castration therapy or
against the pre-castration studies if there was no response; increased
uptake of pre-existing lesions on bone scan does not constitute progression

- White blood cell (WBC) >= 2,500 cells/uL

- Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1,000 cells/uL

- Platelet count >= 75,000 cells/uL

- Hemoglobin (HgB) >= 9.0 g/dL

- Creatinine =< 2.5 mg/dL

- Total bilirubin =< 2 x upper limit of normal (ULN)

- Aspartate aminotransferase (AST, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT]) and
alanine aminotransferase (ALT, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase [SGPT]) =< 2.5 x
ULN

- Prior chemotherapy with 0-2 regimens is allowed

- Prior radiation therapy to prostate or prostate bed is allowed provided it occurred >
3 months before enrollment to the study

Exclusion Criteria:

- The presence of liver, or known brain metastases, malignant pleural effusions, or
malignant ascites

- Moderate or severe symptomatic metastatic disease, defined as a requirement for
treatment with opioid analgesics for cancer-related pain within 21 days prior to
registration

- Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status >= 2

- Treatment with chemotherapy within 3 months of registration

- Treatment with any of the following medications or interventions within 28 days of
registration:

- Systematic corticosteroids; use of inhaled, intranasal, and topical steroids is
acceptable

- Any other systemic therapy for prostate cancer (except for medical castration)

- History of external beam radiation therapy to metastatic sites

- Participation in any previous study involving sipuleucel-T

- Pathologic long-bone fractures, imminent pathologic long-bone fracture (cortical
erosion on radiography > 50%) or spinal cord compression

- Concurrent other malignancy with the exception of:

- Cutaneous and squamous cell and basal carcinomas

- Adequately treated stage 1-2 malignancy

- Adequately treated stage 3-4 malignancy that had been in remission for >= 2
years at the time of registration

- A requirement for systemic immunosuppressive therapy for any reason

- Any infection requiring parenteral antibiotic therapy or causing fever (temperature >
100.5 degrees Fahrenheit [F] or 38.1 degrees Celsius [C]) within 1 week prior to
registration

- Any medical intervention or other condition which, in the opinion of the principal
investigator could compromise adherence with study requirements or otherwise
compromise the study's objectives