The Effects of Sulforaphane in Patients With Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer

Inclusion Criteria:

- Histopathologically or cytologically proven adenocarcinoma of the prostate treated
with either a prostatectomy or definitive radiation (external beam or brachytherapy

- Protocol-Specific Prostate Working Group 2 (PCWG2) Criteria: rising PSA after
definitive therapy

- For post surgical patients: the nadir reference value (#1) is the last PSA
measured before increases are documented, with subsequent values obtained a
minimum of 1 week apart; if the PSA at time point 3 (value #3A) is greater than
that at point 2, then eligibility has been met; if the PSA is not greater than
point 2 (value #3B), but value #4 is, the patient is eligible assuming that
other criteria are met and values 3A or #4 are 1.0 ng/mL or higher

- For post radiation therapy patients: the nadir reference value (#1) is the last
PSA measured before increases are documented, with subsequent values obtained a
minimum of 1 week apart; if the PSA at time point 3 (value #3A) is greater than
that at point 2, then eligibility has been met; if the PSA is not greater than
point 2 (value #3B), but value #4 is, the patient is eligible assuming that
other criteria are met and if values 3A or #4 are 2.0 ng/mL or more above the
nadir reference value (#1) according to Phoenix/American Society for Therapeutic
Radiology and Oncology (ASTRO) criteria

- Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status <= 2

- The following laboratory results within 4 weeks prior to starting study treatment:

- White blood cells (WBC) >= 3000/mm^3

- Neutrophil >= 1,500/mm^3

- Platelet >= 100,000/mm^3

- Serum creatinine =< upper limit of normal (ULN)

- Albumin > 3.0 gm/dL

- Total bilirubin < 1.5 X ULN

- Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) < 1.5 X ULN

- Testosterone level >= 150ng/dL, and no evidence of progression while on prior
hormonal therapy, if applicable (i.e. patient must be non-castrate resistant).

- Prior androgen therapy is allowed as long as the patient did not progress while on
therapy.

- The following imaging scans within 12 weeks prior to starting study treatment: Whole
Body Bone Scan: computed tomography (CT) Chest/Abdomen/Pelvis w/ contrast; NOTE: if
contrast medium for CT scan is contraindicated for the patient, documentation of this
is required and a CT scan with contrast will not be required; subject still must
obtain a CT without contrast, though.

- Willingness to use effective contraception by study participants or their female
partners throughout the treatment period and for at least 2 months following
treatment

- Signed informed patient consent and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability
Act (HIPAA) within 3 months prior to starting treatment

Exclusion Criteria:

- Significant active medical illness which in the opinion of the investigator would
preclude protocol treatment

- Measurable and/or evaluable recurrent prostate cancer by imaging (CT scan of the
chest, abdomen, and pelvis and bone scan performed within 12 weeks prior to starting
treatment) or by physical exam

- Prior investigational therapy within 30 days prior to starting study treatment

- Prior treatment with a known histone deacetylase inhibitor (including but not limited
to valproic acid, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid [SAHA], LBH589, etc) within 6
months prior to starting study treatment or while on study therapy

- Concurrent systemic treatment for prostate cancer

- Current treatment with warfarin

- Gastrointestinal ailments which would interfere with the ability to adequately absorb
sulforaphane

- Allergy to cruciferous vegetables

- Any condition which, in the opinion of the study clinician, would make participation
in the study harmful to the patient