Phase I Open-Label, Dose-Finding Study of BAY 43-9006 (Sorafenib) in High-risk Hepatocellular Cancer Patients After Liver Transplantation
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age ≥18 years old
- ECOG Performance Status 0-2 (See Appendix I)
- All patients will be post liver transplant and have explants with histologically
confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma.
- Patient should have no evidence of HCC disease at study entry by imaging
- Patients will be eligible to start 4 weeks post transplant (29 days post transplant)
as long as they are on stable doses of immunosuppressants. Patient must start
treatment within 16 weeks (112 days) after transplant.
- Patients must be deemed "high risk" for recurrence after transplantation, by either
being outside Milan criteria before transplant or on explant, having tumors with
micro or macrovascular invasion, and/or poorly differentiated tumor histology.
- Patients may have received prior surgical resection, chemoembolization or other local
therapy prior to transplant. They may not have received prior anti-angiogenic
therapy, systemic targeted agents or systemic chemotherapy. They also may not have
received M-Tor inhibitors.
- Patients must have Child-Pugh Class A or compensated Child-Pugh Class B liver
dysfunction at the start of therapy (See Appendix II).
- Patients must have adequate bone marrow, liver and renal function as assessed by the
following:
- Hemoglobin ≥ 8.0 g/dl
- Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1,500/mm3
- Platelet count ≥ 75,000/mm3
- Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 times ULN
- ALT and AST ≤ 5 x ULN
- Creatinine ≤ 1.5 times ULN
- Albumin ≥ 2.5 mg/dl
- Women of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test performed
within 14 days prior to the start of treatment
- Women of childbearing potential and men must agree to use adequate contraception
(barrier method of birth control) prior to study entry and for the duration of study
participation. Men should use adequate birth control for at least three months after
the last administration of sorafenib.
- Subjects must exhibit the ability to understand and willingness to sign a written
informed consent regarding the study and alternative treatments.
- INR < 1.5 or a PT/PTT within normal limits. Patients receiving anti-coagulation
treatment with an agent such as warfarin or heparin may be allowed to participate.
For patients on warfarin, the INR should be measured prior to initiation of sorafenib
and monitored carefully. Patients must be warned of possible increased risk of
bleeding on the combination.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Cardiac disease: Congestive heart failure > class II NYHA. Patients must not have
unstable angina (anginal symptoms at rest), new onset angina (began within the last 3
months) or myocardial infarction within the past 6 months.
- Cardiac ventricular arrhythmias requiring anti-arrhythmic therapy.
- Uncontrolled hypertension, defined as systolic blood pressure > 150 mmHg or diastolic
pressure > 90 mmHg, despite optimal medical management.
- Active clinically serious infection > CTCAE Grade 2.
- Thromboembolic events such as a cerebrovascular accident (including transient
ischemic attacks) within the past 6 months.
- Any hemorrhage/bleeding event ≥ CTCAE Grade 3 within 4 weeks of first dose of study
drug.
- Serious non-healing wound, ulcer, or bone fracture within 4 weeks of first dose of
study drug.
- Evidence or history of bleeding diathesis or coagulopathy within 4 weeks of first
dose of study drug.
- Major surgery, open biopsy or significant traumatic injury within 4 weeks of first
study drug.
- Use of St. John's Wort or rifampin within 4 weeks of first dose of study drug.
- Known or suspected allergy to sorafenib or any agent given in the course of this
trial.
- Any condition that impairs patient's ability to swallow whole pills.
- Patients who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Breastfeeding should be discontinued if
the patient is to be treated.
- Prior malignancy treated during the prior 5-years (other than localized non-melanoma
carcinoma of the skin).
- Any condition or social situation that may limit patient's compliance with the study
regimen
- Known brain metastasis. Patients with neurological symptoms must undergo a CT
scan/MRI of the brain to exclude brain metastasis prior to enrollment.
- Known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (hepatitis B and hepatitis C
infection will not be exclusion criteria.
- Pulmonary hemorrhage/bleeding event ≥ CTCAE Grade 2 within 4 weeks of first dose of
study drug.
- Any malabsorption problem which in the investigator's opinion would prevent adequate
absorption of the sorafenib.
- Patients may not be on M-Tor inhibitors