Inclusion Criteria:

- Men age 60 and over, - who are current cigarette smokers OR - who have a history of
at least 20 pack years smoking OR - who have over a 30 pack/year history who have
stopped smoking within 10 years of the registration date OR - who have a 40 pack year
history of smoking regardless of the quit date, will be eligible for participation.

- Patients with prostate or renal cancer must have been treated more than 5 years
previously and be considered disease-free at the time of entry. In the case of
prostate cancer, patients may have only received prostatectomy as their treatment and
must have undetectable PSA's at study entry.

- In the case of calculus disease, patients must be believed to be stone free at time
of study entry and could not have had a stone attack within the previous 2 years.

- Patients receiving anticoagulation therapy, such as Warfarin, Plavix, Lovenox,
aspirin, etc. will be able to take part in the study and, will be thoroughly
worked-up if the only explainable cause of hematuria is receiving anticoagulation
medication.

Exclusion Criteria:

- history of urothelial cancer

- any malignancy other than non-melanoma skin cancers treated within the past 5 years

- benign tumors of the urinary tract that are still existent

- known urinary calculi

- medical or oncological conditions known to produce hematuria (e.g.
glomerulonephritis, treatments with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and pelvic
radiation therapy)

- visual, psychological, neurological, musculoskeletal, etc. impairments that would
make home testing impractical