A Phase III Intergroup CLL Study of Asymptomatic Patients With Untreated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Randomized to Early Intervention Versus Observation With Later Treatment in the High Risk Genetic Subset With IGVH Unmutated Disease

Trial Information

A Phase III Intergroup CLL Study of Asymptomatic Patients With Untreated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Randomized to Early Intervention Versus Observation With Later Treatment in the High Risk Genetic Subset With IGVH Unmutated Disease

OBJECTIVES:

Primary

- To determine if early treatment with chemoimmunotherapy comprising fludarabine
phosphate and rituximab extends the time to second treatment in patients with
genetically high-risk (unmutated IgV_H), asymptomatic, previously untreated chronic
lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).

- To determine the time to disease progression that would warrant second treatment.

- To determine overall survival.

Secondary

- To measure the proportion of patients with asymptomatic, previously untreated CLL who
have mutated and unmutated IgV_H genes.

- To determine the differences in acute and chronic toxicity of administering
chemoimmunotherapy early to patients with genetically high-risk CLL compared to waiting
until symptoms develop.

- To determine the effect of select pretreatment clinical and biological characteristics
(such as interphase cytogenetic abnormalities, ZAP-70 expression, and p53 dysfunction
[primary and secondary]) on response, time to second treatment, and overall survival of
patients with genetically high-risk CLL randomized to early treatment.

- To determine the effect of select pretreatment clinical and biological characteristics
(such as interphase cytogenetic abnormalities, ZAP-70 expression, and p53 dysfunction)
on response, time to first and second treatments, and overall survival of patients with
genetically high-risk CLL randomized to standard treatment (observation until symptoms
occur).

- To describe the natural history of patients with genetically low-risk (mutated IgV_H
genes), asymptomatic, previously untreated CLL, in terms of time to initial treatment,
response, progression, and survival.

- To determine the effect of select pretreatment characteristics on time to first
treatment, response, progression, and survival of patients with genetically low-risk
CLL.

- To correlate patterns of resistance that emerge in patients with unmutated IgV_H genes
who have relapsing or refractory CLL following receipt of chemoimmunotherapy with
clonal evolution, including acquisition of high-risk karyotype abnormalities, p53
mutations, p53 dysfunction (primary and secondary), altered mRNA and protein expression
related to treatment resistance, DNA mutations, microRNA gene expression, and
methylation changes.

- To determine whether highly sensitive flow cytometry negativity at completion of
therapy in patients randomized to early treatment is an effective surrogate marker for
prolonged time to second treatment, overall survival, and other clinical benefits.

- To collect demographic data on familial CLL in newly diagnosed patients participating
on this study.

OUTLINE: This is a multicenter study.

- Genetically high-risk disease: Patients are stratified according to age (< 50 years vs
50 to 70 years vs > 70 years) and presence of the high-risk genetic feature
[del(11)(q22.3) or del(17)(p13.1)] by FISH (yes vs no). Patients are randomized to 1 of
2 treatment arms.

- Arm I: Patients receive rituximab IV over 4 hours on days 1, 3, and 5 of week 1
and then on day 1 of weeks 5, 9, 13, 17, and 21. Patients also receive fludarabine
phosphate IV over 30 minutes on days 1-5 of weeks 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, and 21. After
completion of chemoimmunotherapy, patients are followed every 3 months until
disease progression. At the time of disease progression, patients receive
retreatment with chemoimmunotherapy as above or another treatment regimen.

- Arm II: Patients are followed every 3 months until disease progression. At the
time of disease progression, patients receive rituximab and fludarabine phosphate
as in arm I. Patients are then followed every 3 months until second disease
progression. Patients with a second disease progression receive retreatment with
chemoimmunotherapy as above or another treatment regimen.

- Genetically low-risk disease: Patients are followed every 3 months until disease
progression. At the time of disease progression, patients receive rituximab and
fludarabine phosphate as in arm I. Patients are then followed every 3 months until
second disease progression. Patients with a second disease progression receive
retreatment with chemoimmunotherapy as above or another treatment regimen.

Patients undergo blood sample collection periodically for correlative studies.

After finishing treatment, patients are followed periodically for up to 25 years.