TheraSphere for the Treatment of Liver Metastases: An Open Label Trial of TheraSphere in Patients With Liver Metastases From Primary Colorectal Cancer, Neuroendocrine Cancer or Non-colorectal/Non-neuroendocrine Cancer
Inclusion Criteria:
- 18 years of age or older
- diagnosis of metastatic disease to the liver that is refractory to, or inappropriate
for, other systemic or liver-directed therapies
- unresectable liver metastases
- target tumors measurable using standard imaging techniques
- tumor replacement < or = 50% of total liver volume (visual estimation by
investigator)
- Hypervascular tumors (visual estimation by investigator)
- ECOG 0 - 2
- minimum one month since most recent prior cancer therapy with the exception of
patients receiving Sandostatin for neuroendocrine cancer
- patient informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
- At risk of hepatic or renal failure within 21 days of treatment (serum creatinine >
2.0 mg/dL unless on dialysis; serum bilirubin ≥ 2.0 mg/dL; albumin < 2.0 mg/dL or any
history of hepatic encephalopathy)
- contraindications to angiography and selective visceral catheterization including any
non-correctable bleeding diathesis or coagulopathy, severe peripheral vascular
disease or history of non-management allergy or intolerance to contrast, narcotics,
sedatives or atropine
- severe liver dysfunction or presentation of pulmonary insufficiency or clinically
evident history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- cirrhosis or portal hypertension
- prior external beam radiation treatment to the liver
- prior TheraSphere treatment to the liver
- any intervention for, or compromise of the Ampulla of Vater
- clinically evident ascites (trace ascites on imaging is acceptable)
- any continuing complications of prior cancer therapy that have not improved or
resolved prior to 21 days before first TheraSphere treatment
- significant life-threatening extrahepatic disease in judgment of physician
- concurrent enrollment in another study
- alternative available therapies in judgement of physician
- evidence on technetium-99m macroaggregated albumin scan that shows lung shunting > 30
Gy cumulative limit
- evidence on technetium-99m macroaggregated albumin scan showing potential for
deposition of microspheres to the gastrointestinal tract that cannot be eliminated by
catheter placement or corrective action using standard angiographic techniques
- positive serum pregnancy test in women of childbearing potential
- co-morbid disease or condition that puts the patient at undue risk or precludes use
of TheraSphere in judgment of physician