A Multicenter Randomized Double-blind Trial of Targretin for Modifying Immunophenotypic Markers Related to Breast Cancer Progression in Breast Tissue From Genetically Identified High Risk Patients
Breast cancer is the most common malignant disease in women of the Western world. In the
U.S. more than 200,000 women will be diagnosed with breast cancer in the next year, and more
than a third of these will eventually die of the disease. Particularly worrisome is the
dramatically increasing incidence of this disease in the past ten years, which all cannot be
attributed to the early detection bias due to increasing use of screening mammography. Now,
one in nine women born in this country will be diagnosed with breast cancer during her
lifetime. Although new systemic treatments for established breast cancer may be reducing
mortality somewhat major breakthroughs have come slowly, and greater attention is now being
directed toward means of breast cancer prevention.
Epidemiologic studies have identified risk factors that are associated with an increased
risk of developing breast cancer. These include Western culture and obesity (providing a
link to dietary fat), family history, hormonal factors such as age at menarche or menopause
(ovariectomy before age 45 is protective), age at first full-term pregnancy, prolonged oral
contraceptive or postmenopausal estrogen use, exposure to radiation, benign breast disease,
and a history of previous breast biopsy. Of these, family history is perhaps the strongest
risk factor. It has long been known that breast cancer is in part a hereditary disease, and
that approximately 3-5% of breast cancer is due to strongly penetrant, single gene
inheritance. Over the past several years, a number of these genes have been cloned including
BRCA-1, BRCA-2, p53, and PTEN, the gene responsible for Cowden's disease. Of these genes,
BRCA-1 and BRCA- 2 are estimated together to be involved in 60 to 70% of all hereditary
breast cancer. Persons with these mutations have an approximate 50 to 80% lifetime risk of
developing breast cancer, and currently there are no preventive options except for surgical
mastectomy. It is therefore a high priority to identify new agents which might be able to
lower this very high risk.
In this study a dose of bexarotene (Targretin capsules) 200 mg/m2/day for 28 days was
selected for a number of reasons. Limiting exposure to 28 days would minimize risk to study
participants, while allowing enough time for relevant changes in biomarkers to occur. 300
mg/m2/day has been shown to be biologically active and therapeutic against cutaneous T-cell
lymphoma in humans. To increase safety while maintaining potential activity in normal breast
tissue, a dose of 200 mg/m2/day was chosen.
The anti-tumor action of retinoids, as well as their potential in chemoprevention, supports
the need to further identify the spectrum of responsive tumors, to identify the molecular
mechanisms associated with retinoid action, and to identify and develop new retinoids that
have unique properties and an improved therapeutic index.
Interventional
Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator), Primary Purpose: Treatment
The objective of this study is to determine whether Targretin, a novel selective synthetic retinoid, can modify immunophenotypic markers related to breast cancer progression in breast tissue from genetically identified high risk patients.
1 year
Yes
Susan Hilsenbeck, PhD
Principal Investigator
Baylor College of Medicine
United States: Food and Drug Administration
H 9315
NCT00206479
January 1999
January 2012
Name | Location |
---|---|
Cancer Therapy and Research Center | San Antonio, Texas 78229 |
Georgetown University | Washington, District of Columbia 20007-2197 |
Baylor Breast Center | Houston, Texas 77030 |
MDACC | Houston, Texas 77030 |